ART

ART - Administrative Reviews Tribunal

Administrative Reviews Tribunal (“ART”) is an independent merits review tribunal that reviews the Department of Home Affairs’ decisions within its jurisdiction. The ART, in its merits review process, will reconsider the facts, law, and policy aspects of the original decision. ART also has powers to review new information unavailable to the original decision-maker.

Options Available

If you have received a visa refusal, you can either:

If your offshore visa was refused, you might not (further assessment is required to confirm this) have any ART review rights. In this case, you may need to lodge another application with additional supporting evidence with legal submissions addressing the refusal.

If your visa refusal/cancellation falls within the jurisdiction of ART, the tribunal is within its power to review this decision. The ART has a range of powers to review decisions made under the Migration Act 1958 to:

  • refuse or cancel different types of visas
  • refuse or cancel visa sponsorship and nomination; 
  • and many more. 

Features of the ART Appeals Process

ART can review DHA's decision to refuse or cancel visa/sponsorship

ART may allow you to stay back in Australia during the appeal period through a bridging visa (based on individual circumstances)

ART can set aside decisions made by the Department of Home Affairs

Administrative Reviews Tribunal Eligibility

To be eligible for the appeal process, you must:

  • Be currently in Australia;
  • Have recently had a decision from the Department of Home Affairs;
    • to refuse or cancel different types of visas
    • to refuse to approve a nomination of an occupation, activity or position
    • to bar, refuse to approve or cancel the approval of a sponsor
    • relating to requiring a security
  • Have received the refusal letter in less than 28 days.

What outcomes can the ART make?

When the ART reviews a decision, ART can choose to affirm, vary, set aside or remit the decision. 

Vary the Decision

Vary the Decision

This means the Tribunal agrees with most of the original decision but changes part of it.
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Set Aside the Decision

Set Aside the Decision

This means the Tribunal disagrees with the original decision and replaces it with a completely new decision.
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Affirm the Decision

Affirm the Decision

This means the Tribunal agrees with the Department’s original decision.
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Remit the Decision

Remit the Decision

This means the Tribunal sends the case back to the Department for review.
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How to Apply for an ART Appeal

Step 1: Create an ART Action Plan

Our Registered Migration Agents will carefully review your visa refusal or cancellation letter to understand exactly why your visa, nomination, or sponsorship was declined.

We’ll then meet with you to talk through what went wrong — and from there, we’ll create a clear, personalised Action Plan for your ART (Administrative Review Tribunal) case. This plan will outline your best next steps and how we can support you in working toward a successful outcome.

STEP 2: Lodge your ART Application

Once your ART Action Plan is complete, our Migration Agents will help you prepare and lodge your review application before the deadline.

After it’s submitted, the Administrative Review Tribunal (ART) will send us an acknowledgement letter confirming receipt of your application.

Step 3: Build and Submit Your ART Case

After lodging your ART application, our Registered Migration Agents will begin preparing a strong legal submission in response to the Department’s reasons for refusal or cancellation.

This submission will outline:

  • A detailed summary of your case

  • The specific reasons for the Department’s decision

  • Relevant Migration Regulations involved

  • Supporting facts and context that clarify your position

  • Any applicable policy or case law that strengthens your case

We’ll also include any new evidence or updated information that may help the ART reassess your application and make a fair decision.

Step 4: Prepare for Your ART Hearing

Once the Administrative Review Tribunal (ART) receives your application, it will be assigned to a Tribunal Member who will review your documents and submissions before scheduling a hearing.

As soon as a hearing date is confirmed, we’ll organise a case conference with you. During this session, we’ll walk you through what to expect, help you prepare your responses, and ensure you feel confident and supported heading into the hearing.

Step 5: Attend Your ART Hearing

Your ART hearing is your opportunity to explain your story, present supporting information, and respond to the Department’s decision.

The hearing is usually informal and will be conducted by a single Tribunal Member, who will begin by explaining how the session will run. You may be asked to take an oath or affirmation to confirm you’ll speak truthfully.

If you have any witnesses, they may also be asked to give evidence. Both you and the Tribunal Member will have a chance to go over the key points of your case.

The length of the hearing can vary, but most are completed within 2–3 hours.

Step 6: Await the ART Decision

After your hearing, the Tribunal Member may either:

  • Request additional documents to support your case, or

  • Make a decision — either at the end of the hearing or in writing, usually within two months.

The Administrative Review Tribunal (ART) can make one of the following decisions:

  • Affirm the decision: The original refusal or cancellation stands.

  • Vary the decision: The decision is changed in some way.

  • Set aside the decision and substitute a new one: The original decision is overturned and replaced with a new outcome.

  • Set aside and remit the decision: The case is sent back to the Department of Home Affairs to reconsider, usually with guidance from the Tribunal.

We’ll keep you updated every step of the way and explain what the outcome means for your next steps.

Summary of cost estimates
for your application

The ART application fee is $3,496 (as of 01 July 2024). 

There is no fee if you apply for review of:

  • a bridging visa decision that resulted in a person being placed in immigration detention
  • a refusal to grant a subclass 070 (Bridging (Removal Pending) visa without one or more prescribed conditions.

Looking for assistance ?

FAQ

We are happy to answer
any queries you may have

What can the tribunal review?

The Tribunal can review certain visa refusal and cancellation decisions made under the Migration Act 1958 and Migration Regulations 1994. The applicant’s decision letter from the Department of Home Affairs will state whether the decision is reviewable and if the applicant is eligible to apply for a review.

The Tribunal cannot review:

  • A visa cancellation made personally by the Minister

  • Any decision where the applicant is not entitled to a review

 

How long does it take to process my ART application?

Processing times in calendar days for reviews finalised between 14/04/24 and 13/10/2024

The table below shows the time taken to finalise reviews in the former Migration and Refugee Division of the AAT in its final 6 months of operation.

Note: These figures do not include cases where the AAT found it did not have jurisdiction to review the decision or where cases were withdrawn. These were usually finalised more quickly than other reviews. 
Case category 50% of cases finalised within (days) 95% of cases finalised within (days)
Bridging 11 343
Family 1.024 1,690
Nomination/Sponsor approval 974 1,609
Partner 1,249 1,877
Permanent business 789 1,186
Skilled linked 442 909
Student cancellation 458 638
Student refusal 341 761
Temporary work 133 1,103
Visitor 413 494
Other 579 1,540
Protection 1,756 2,243
All migration case categories 460 1,692
Protection case category 1,756 2,243
All case categories 1,448  
Is there a deadline to apply for review?

The time limits for applying are very strict and depend on the type of decision and whether the person is in immigration detention.

The exact deadline will be stated in the decision letter from the Department of Home Affairs. It’s important to check this letter carefully.

The Tribunal cannot extend the time limit under any circumstances — if the deadline is missed, the application cannot be accepted.

What happens after a review application is submitted?

Once an application is submitted, the Tribunal will send a confirmation letter explaining the next steps in the process.

They will also notify the Department of Home Affairs that the application has been received.

Can I represent myself?
Yes. 

You can deal directly with us (represent yourself) or you can ask someone to help and represent you. 

Can I ask someone to represent me?
Yes. You can arrange for a registered migration agent or an Australian lawyer who holds a practising certificate to represent you.
 
We have handled hundreds of AAT cases, and will be happy to review your case. Please email us on [email protected] – with your refusal letter. 
What can a Migration Agent do for me at ART?
A representative can:
  • communicate with the Tribunal on your behalf
  • give the Tribunal written evidence and written submissions on your behalf
  • request access to documents relating to the review
  • attend the hearing with you.
Can I have an interpreter?
Yes. If you require an interpreter, please notify the Tribunal. The Tribunal will arrange for a qualified interpreter to assist, free of charge.
Can a review be expedited?

In some situations, the Tribunal will automatically prioritise a review — no request is needed — if:

  • The applicant is in immigration detention

  • The review is for a visa cancellation decision

  • The application has been returned or remitted by a court for reconsideration

A review may also be expedited if the applicant’s visa was refused because they didn’t meet one or more criteria and they now have documents clearly showing those criteria are met. In this case, they can submit a Request for expedited decision using the online form or by email (if no online account is available).

The Tribunal may consider expediting a review in other compassionate or urgent circumstances, for example:

  • If expediting would allow a child under 18 to be reunited with a parent, guardian, or carer

  • If the applicant has a serious illness, disability, or vulnerability, and further delays would be unreasonable

  • If a long wait would make the applicant ineligible for the visa even if the original decision is overturned

  • In other exceptional cases

 

What happens after the Tribunal makes a decision?

Once a decision is made, the Department of Home Affairs will take steps to act on it. This may affect the applicant’s immigration status or bridging visa. For example:

  • If the Tribunal grants the visa, the bridging visa will end.

  • If the Tribunal sends the case back to the Department, the bridging visa stays in effect during reprocessing.

  • If the Tribunal affirms the refusal, the bridging visa usually ends either 28 or 35 days after the decision, depending on when the visa was granted.

Can the Minister change the Tribunal’s decision?

Yes. The Minister can substitute the Tribunal’s decision with a more favourable outcome for the applicant, but this is rare and only occurs in compelling, compassionate, or humanitarian situations.

Can a Tribunal decision be appealed?

Yes. Applicants may apply for judicial review in the Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia, but only if there is a legal error (not just disagreement with the outcome). The application must be made within 35 days of the Tribunal’s decision.

We can assist with this. Please reach out to us on [email protected] or phone via 03 9654 8611

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